THE CONQUEST OF SUMER (IRAQ) BY THE CARPATHO - DANUBIAN PEOPLE

Writing started with us!

The same Pelasgians, Aryans, Carpatho-Danubians not only conquered the whole Europe but also settled down there; they spread to the east through North-Eastern China (see the mummies at Tarim Bassin) and reached as far as the Japanese islands, or headed south of Asia conquering India (see the slaughter of Mohendjo - Harappa). They conquered Anatolia (see the Hittite people), Minor Asia (the Trojan Ramantes) and Northern Africa (the Ga-Ramantes people). However, they would not stop here, at these borders.

They conquered Mesopotamia, Sumer (area corresponding to nowadays' Iraq), and brought along the first writing system, the pictographic one; the unearthing of the clay slates at Tartaria - on the river Mures in 1961 - backed up the above - mentioned theory.

In 1877 a French diplomat, Ernest de Sarzec, vice - counselor in the Basara Harbour in the Persian Golf, was to discover a long since forgotten civilization, on the territory occupied today by Iraq. Tired of his daily diplomatic activity, and of riding, hunting birds or other wild animals, Sarzec had grown an archaeological "appetite" during his stay in Egypt and Ethiopia; he was informed by the manager of a French post office of the existence of several strange ancient brick inscriptions, together with the "body" of a human statue, on the territory called Tellon, about 155 miles south of Baghdad. A risk - taker, urged on by his spirit of adventure, Sarzec hurried to Tellon, hired local people for the diggings and so opened his archaeological site, forgetting to inform his French superiors or ask permission from the local Ottoman authorities. He assembled his personal collection of figurines, cylinders, seals, and slates upon which strange inscriptions had been carved and "meticulously" took them to France, intending to sell them to the Louvre Museum in 1881 in exchange for 130,000 francs. However, the museum's experts did not realize immediately what they had acquired. They were in the possession of objects which had belonged to a civilization whose existence had been swallowed up in the darkness of history, older than the Babylonian or Asian ones. The objects they had acquired were remnants of the 6,000-year old Sumerian civilization. The unearthing of the Sumerian, Carpatho - Danubian civilization, the discovery of several clay slates which were nothing but an ancient library, was to open a door to the remote past of mankind. Yet, what is most remarkable about these Sumerian people is the fact that they could write. It seems these Sumerians made their arrival on the territory encompassed between the Tibre and the Euphrates rivers in two waves; here they came across a Negroid population, the so - called pre - Sumerian people, whose existence was discovered during Leonard Woolley's diggings in 1929. The Sumerian people had a legend speaking about the Great Flood, in which the main character, Ziu - Sudra, decides to settle down on a piece of land called "Dilmun," the place the sun was known to rise from, indirectly indicating that he was coming from the west. The legend of this flood and of its hero, Ziu - Sudra (an Arryan compound word meaning "God Sudra") was discovered in the Nippur temple, among the 35,000 clay slates, upon which this story was carved. Thanks to Sir Henry Rawlinson, the slates were deciphered in 1880. The legend of the flood and of its only survivor was taken over after several thousand years by the Babylonian and Assyrian civilizations. The survivor of the flood was called Ut - Napishtim and handed down the story to Gilgamesh.

The flood described by Ziu - Sudra is believed to have taken place in the year 4,250 BC. The Hebrew version of the flood that we read about in the Bible was "taken over" (although "stolen" is the right word) from the Mesopotamian legends. Nevertheless, let us go back to Tartaria and to the origin(s) of the people who conquered Sumer.

At a 20km - distance from Tartaria there rises the Turdas hill, which has been dug up ever since the end of the last century. I was a child when my father was making topographic measurements in the area. The villagers were very proud of the secrets and mysteries of their lands. The archaeological sites were closing, as experts no longer expected to discover anything new in Tartaria. Unexpectedly, in the lowest layer of the hill, they discovered a hole/pit filled with ashes. On its bottom were the statues of two old and forgotten idols, a seashell bracelet and three small clay slates, carved with "scribbles." Next to them were the dismembered and burnt bones of a grown - up person. A lot more surprising than their discovery was the examination of these slates with radioactive C14. The use of C14 as a means of dating archaeological objects won the American professor Willard Libby from the University of Chicago a Nobel Prize. The method is fairly accurate, as the error margin does not exceed 50 - 100 years. Thus, the slates inscribed with pictographic writings were 7,000 years old and were considered to have been made in 5,300 or 5,200 BC and to have belonged to the Vincea - Turdas Carpatho - Danubian culture.

The archaeologist who discovered these slates is Nicolae Vlasa. According to the American researcher Marija Gimbutas, they "revolutionized" the existing theories about the appearance of writing in the history of mankind, pushing its date 1,000 years back, before the "first" Sumerian slates. The fact that Europe's departure point was here, in the Balkans, is an open secret now, as the news that the first wheel was discovered on our Carpatho- Danubian territory (today, Hungary) comes as no surprise. However, there are people who will not accept that the first writing system belongs to us, the Danubians. Obviously, it is not simple to remove the veil of darkness off 7,000 years of history and say: "Europe started with us. Writing was first invented here."

Those who witnessed the ancient ritual of burning an adult person in the presence of two idols were said to keep silent. Yet, will/can the inscriptions of the slates keep silent too?

The Russian (!!) poet and orientalist Andrei Nadirov from Leningrad, wrote, impulsed by a unique imagination and inspiration, a beautiful and sensitive poem:

O, ancient time - your specter
Has tired of roaming the abyss,
I cry: where are you, Tartaria?
Your answer won't ooze through the years
The thought hides deeper in the distance
The desert of oblivion, dumb.
Yet your call is echoing back again
In the humble and frozen clay.
His flight is like the lark's
And brings the message of your pre - Dacian brothers.
No, you were not swallowed
By the eternity that
Kills all that we love.
I hear Tartaria's voice again
The wave's crest is frayed
I still search for its living glory
That has not yet resounded.

Let us thank the imaginative and inspired Russian poet. And not only him. One should not forget the Russian archaeologist V. Titov who holds that the primitive writing of the Aegean countries (or the Thracian Sea countries) has its origin in the 4thcentury BC Balkans and that it did not appear under the influence of the remote Sumer, lying between the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers. In his book From Tartaria to the Country of Luana Paul Lazar Tonciulescu insists that "moreover, it is well-known that, in the 5th millenium BC, the creators of the Balkan culture Vincea crossed Asia Minor and reached Kurdistan and Huzistan, a territory where the pre - Sumerian people had settled down.

In an interview entitled "Mesopotamia or South - Eastern Europe", published in The Historical Magazine ( 3/ 1972), the Bulgarian academician Vladimir I. Georgiev spoke about the origin of writing and made the following specifications: " The Tartaria slates are a millenium older than the monuments of the Sumerian writing. If we can speak of writing in all the three cases (o.n. the slates discovered on the river Mures - Tartaria - and the ones found in Bulgaria, at Karanovo and Gracialnita), then this leads to a surprising conclusion: we are speaking about the oldest writing in the world."

Once again we have to show our gratitude to the Russian scholars, and especially to Boris Petrov who in 1975 published in the 12th issue of "The Technique of Youth" magazine as well as in his book The Mysteries of the Centuries (Moscow, 1975, pp. 171 - 179) an article entitled "The Living Words of Tartaria" in which he translated the ideograms carved on the round slate, starting his research work from their Sumerian correspondents.

However, the German Sumerologist Adam Falkenstein, among others, wrote that Tartaria had appeared under Sumerian influence!!!

M.C.Hood considered that "the Sumerian tradespeople" visited Transylvania (?!) and that their slates were copied by the "local people." Well and good, only how could one copy something which did not exist? As we know, the Sumerian writing was to appear 1,000 years later. As for the Radioactive Carbon C - 14, the error margin expected does not exceed 50 - 100 years.

Other less inspired "specialists" associated the writings found at Tartaria with the Cretan writing, ignorant of the fact that 2,000 years were to elapse before the latter appeared! The Russian Sumerologist Boris Petrov offers a table with writings, similar to those found at Tartaria, in which I will fill in the date of their appearance.

A.Kifisin, the Russian Sumerologist, published in the same magazine "The Technique of Youth" new data and a map especially made, presenting the impact the Carpatho - Danubian culture had had over the ancient world, and especially over the Old Greece, Egypt, Sumer, and China. If we compare his map to Gordon Childe's ("The Aryans" - The History of Civilization, 1993 - Barnes&Noble, pp. 176 - 177), we will once more see how others work to discover our magnificent history on which we are turning our back.

The American researcher Marija Gimbutas considers that the appearance of this culture belonging to the Neolithic Age represents the old European culture which she dates back between 7,500 and 3,500 BC, whose population was "pre - Indo - European", and which was to reach its highest point between 5,000 and 4,000 BC.

The same A. Kifisin holds that the sudden appearance of the fully developed Sumerian writing at the end of the 4th millenium BC indicates the fact that this must have been formed elsewhere (on our territory).

In the magazine "Literary Conversations" (no. 8/1980), Ariton Vraciu published the article "The Thraco - Dacian Language and Writing," in which he writes that signs identical to those found at Vincea were discovered in Troy." Thus, however paradoxical this may look, the inventors of the Sumerian writing were not the Sumerians, but the Carpatho - Danubian people living in the then Transylvania.

However, let us see how the Tartarian pictographic writings have been interpreted.

THE FIRST WRITTEN MESSAGE IN THE HISTORY OF MANKIND

1, 2, 3 - The Slates found at Tartaria (approximately 5,300 - 5,200 BC) by Nicolae Vlasa in 1961 have revolutionized the theories regarding the appearance of writing, as they were considered the first written message in the history of mankind. Thus, the inventors of the "Sumerian writing" were not, however paradoxical this may sound, the Sumerians, but the Transylvanian inhabitants who had settled in the Carpatho - Danubian space 1,000 years before the Sumerians.

4, 6 - Earthen pan/bowl bearing inscriptions - Kosovska Nitrovita, Yugoslavia. * Iosif Constantin Dragan, The History of the Romanian People, Europa Nova Publishing House, Bucharest, 1994.

1. The symbol of the two he - goats with a wheat ear/spike between them represents the welfare of a community whose main occupation/employment was agriculture and animal raising.

2. The different symbolic images, carved on the second slate, divided by horizontal and vertical lines, are considered to be "totems." If we compare the drawings from our slates to those carved on the ritual bowl found at Dejamet - Nasra, we will notice the similarities between them. On the Sumerian one there is an animal (a kid goat), a scorpion, a man's or a god's head, a fish, a strange building and, finally, a bird. The inscription has to be read in a circular manner, going around the slate's hole counter clockwise. The totems on the second slate found at Tartaria are arranged in the same order. Can this be a simple graphical coincidence? Let's not forget that the signs of the enigmatic Proto - Indian writing found at Harappa are similar to those from the Easter's Island, belonging to the Kohau - Rongo - Rongo writing. Can it be that all these have a common origin and that we are dealing here with the Carpatho - Danubian migration, in different ages, all over the world?

3. The third, round slate found at Tartaria, seems to make an exception. This was identified as a Sumerian writing, bearing the following inscription:

"4, NUN. KA. SA. UGULA. PI. IDIM. KARA." - message translated as: "The oldest (supreme priest) skilled in the most profound wisdom (,) has been burnt, as a sacrifice for the face of the God Saue, by the four women - rulers." - according to the Sumerian tradition, in the honor of the great God Saue, the supreme priest was burnt as he finished his serving time.

The document found at Djemdet - Nasara mentions the existence of the four priestesses - sisters - who were all in charge of a tribal group. Thus, the burnt body of a priest worshiping the cult of God Saue.

What are the connections we have with this cult? Which is the significance the god Saue held for us?

How can we explain its "presence" on our land 1,000 years before He "appeared" in Sumer (Mesopotamia, today's Iraq)?

However, as they put it, he who searches will find. Let us see what we can find at "home," in Ardeal! Today, his name is spread everywhere in the area adjacent to Tartaria, and not only there. The same writer, P.L.Tonciulescu, also published a map entitled "The Traces of the God Saue," where from I take out:

- on the valley of the river Mures, south of Turdasi, there is the village called Saulesti;

- north of Tartaria, on the left bank of the river Mures we find the village Seusa;

- further to the north, is the village Seulia de (of) Mures; northwards, there are also the villages Sausa and Unghieni (the former "Sausa de campie" - "Sausa of the Field") - it seems the Carpatho - Danubian descendants, river Ludus, whose affluent is the brook Saulia; today's Romanians, have enjoyed changing certain village names, as they have lost all interest in them!

- on the right side of the village Seulia de Mures , the river Mures flows into the river Ludus, whose affluent is the brook Saulia;

- between the springs of the river Crisul Repede (The Quick Cris) and the ones of the brook Capusu (an affluent of the river Somesul Mic - The Little Somes) is the village Saulia;

- in the Bihor District, in the parish Nojorid, there is the village Sauaeu;

- if we make for Bistrita - Nasaud we will find, in the neighborhood of the parish Uriu, the village Ili - Sua;

- along the valley of the river Sieu, between its springs and its confluence with The Big Somes, there is simply an abundance of all kinds of variants of the great "Sumerian"(?) king's name, such as: Sieut, Sieu, Sieu - Magherus, Sieu - Magherus - Vale, Cristur - Sieu, Sieu - Odorhei, Sieu Sfantul; its recurrence spreads further to the north, towards the river Tisa.

We discover Romanian names, seemingly meaningless, which, in the old days, 7,000 years ago had a specific meaning. Thus, the unscientific theory launched by certain Sumerologists regarding the Sumerian origin of the Tartaria slates, "copied" or "forgotten" by a Sumerian tradesman visiting Transylvania 7,000 years ago, 1,000 before Sumer was "born," is erroneous (to put it mildly). The fact that the Sumerian god was at home in Ardeal, 1,000 years before it appeared in Mesopotamia - Sumer, demonstrates the Carpatho - Danubians' migration towards those places. It is strange that the Sumerians could mold gold, a metal not existing in this area. As for us, we find (or better "found") gold here at home. The Thracians were the most skilled goldsmiths of antiquity. Yet, the Sumerians too are said to have invented the wheel and the chariot, although these were found on the territory belonging to Dacia, wherefrom they spread towards Europe.

The Sumerians, as well as the other Carpatho - Danubian - Aryan branch who was to conquer India, were white-skinned and worshiped the god Saue, while the Negroid subdued population was called "Sag - gig" ("black heads") and was known to worship the goddess Gula.

Let us see if, after 7,000 years, we can still find similarities between nowadays' Romanian vocabulary and some of the Sumerian words: agar - ogor (fallow), annu - an (year), ap - apa (water), ara - a strivi (to crash), aradu - sclav (argat) (slave/servant), Bahar - olar (pahar) (potter), Bau Bau - sotia regelui razboiului = the king of the war's wife, Buluuh - buluc (to leave in a hurry), butuk - butuc (breaking), dur -dur ( stone fortress, hidu - haiduc (night guard), la - la (at), lu - ai lui (theirs), maru - amar (bitter), nu - nu (no), sa - a sa (his/hers), salatu - a insela (to deceive/to cheat/to delude), suti - a suti (to steal), ussuru - a usura (to set free/to release), zu - tu (you).

As we see, 7,000 - year old words are still in the language - in its usual active vocabulary, and in the Romanian toponimy and hydronomy.

As everybody expected, a lot of people have asked the question (the starting hypothesis): can it be that this pictographic writing is the ancestor of certain European alphabets such as the old Greek one, the Etruscan, and finally, the Latin one? As for the theory holding that the Dacians had an alphabet very much similar to the Latin one (but nonetheless different from it), there are specialists hesitating to speak about it, while others acknowledge it. The Visigoths' bishop, Wulfila (311 - 384 BC) acknowledges for instance that in the translation of the Bible into Gothic it was not the Latin alphabet which had been used but the one of the aboriginal inhabitants living along the northern bank of the Danube, which he adapted to the needs of his own language (the runic writing). In his research work, Bogdan Petriceicu Hajdeu, came across a Latin manuscript belonging to the 15th century, written by the Hungarian Simion of Keza, and which mentioned that the Saxons, as they settled on the Panonic Field and spread up to the mountains, had the Vlachs (Blackis) as their neighbors, from whom they learned "the Vlachs' letters"; it was precisely at Pope Silvestru's request that the King Strfan ordered that this old system of writing, very much used at the time, be replaced by the Latin alphabet. It so happened that, once again, the Hungarians were the ones to discover, in the collection of manuscripts of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, a manuscript containing a cryptographic writing (as they call it), to this day undeciphered. The manuscript is in fact the controversial Codex Rohonczi, which was written, according to the researcher Ariton Vraicu, in the 12th - 13th centuries, in the native language and in the Dacian writing's letters. Obviously, more and more evidence attesting the existence of Dacian writing appears. Let us hope that the day all this is made public is not too far.

In the treasure discovered in 1838 on the sides of the mountain Istrita, two big golden links (columns) were found, each bearing an inscription. One of these links disappeared before the Romanian authorities started their research work. In what concerns its inscription, the only information we have is the testimony of a peasant named Ion Lemnaru, the one who discovered the treasure. He said that both links were carved with letters impossible to read. The second link had a 15.3 cm diameter and survived the hostile years which the whole treasure was to go through; however, paradoxical as this may sound, the link was "to suffer" a lot more after it entered the National Museum in Bucharest. In 1875, on the 20th of November, at night, this link, together with the other objects belonging to the Pietroasa Treasure were stolen by an unscrupulous person called Pantazescu. The latter would give the link to a silversmith who cut it into several pieces. Only two middle pieces could be saved, while the side ones disappeared. For more than 150 years nobody ever mentioned anything about their existence. The first to examine objectively the inscription of the Pietroasa link were the Italians. Thus, in 1843, the Jesuit father Secchi writes to the Archaeological Institute in Rome, speaking of the inscription's letters as being ……………….

Micali, the famous Italian archaeologist, arrived to the same conclusion in 1844; in 1850, Joseph Arneth, director of the Imperial Antiquity Museum in Wien, considered that the letters of the inscription were completely similar to the Pelasgian and even to the Eugan ones.

However, the German researchers offered a different theory. They speak of the resemblance between the inscription's letters and the "runic" writing, and think that the former contained Gothic words or at least Germanic words following the Goths' age. This is the starting point of a long chain of errors regarding the origin of the text and of the Pietroasa treasure. For instance, in 1889 our "poor" link was even considered by Professor Henning of the German University of Strasbourg "the oldest object of major importance among the German runic monuments."

A thorough examination of the graphical signs carved on the link will show that the same letter forms can be found on the Greek or Italic inscriptions, and everywhere our Pelasgian, Carpatho - Danubian people spread, carrying as it expanded not only its language but also the primitive alphabet in which it had written its epopee. The so - called runic alphabet contains but a part of the elements belonging to the old Pelasgian, Carpatho - Danubian alphabet, used by the greatest, strongest and most civilized people who, during the Neolithic and then in the Bronze Age, conquered not only the whole Europe, but also Asia Minor, China, Japan, and Northern Africa. It is not accidental that up until the 12th century the Vatican continued to include in what was called Province Dacia Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Denmark.

"Runa" or "Rhuna," as the old authors hold, were general words for the graphical signs used on the territories inhabited by the Celtic people, by the Germans and the Pelasgians living north of the Danube. The origin of this word can be traced back neither to the Celtic language, nor to the German one. On the contrary, it seems this term has rather an "ethnographic nature," echoing the name of the old Pelasgian, Carpatho - Danubian people: rami, arami, or ramni. According to Berger's writings (Hist. de l'ecriture, p.205), the alphabet was spread as far as Asia by the Aramaeans, an old Pelasgian, Carpatho - Danubian population who had settled down on the mountains and valleys of Syria and Mesopotamia.

The same N.Densusianu reproduces the alphabet of the Romanian raftsmen living on the banks of the river Bistrita (in Moldavia), who were still using it at that time, the alphabet no longer having a phonetic importance, as it helped represent the distinctive signs used to distinguish the different timbers and building wood which these people transported. Almost all the signs of this archaic alphabet of the Romanian raftsmen living in the mountains of Moldavia are to be found in the Scandinavian and in the Anglo - Saxon runes, as well as in the alphabets of the Rhets and of the Salassian people.

Before ending this chapter speaking of the Pietroasa link, I will reproduce two more inscriptions; they will demonstrate that the so - called Scandinavian and Anglo - Saxon runes are nothing but archaic remains of the Pelasgian, Carpatho - Danubian alphabet. One of the inscriptions is carved on the spike of a brass spear, discovered at Torcello, in the neighborhood of Venice. The letters are stars and small circles, stamped with carved lines. The Pelasgian cross is there too.

A similar writing was found on a piece of a spear spike, this time discovered at Muncheberg, in Germany, also next to the same Pelasgian cross.

In 1885 N. Densusianu referred to it as being a symbol spread by the Pelasgians, the Carpatho -Danubian people throughout the whole Europe, Asia, and in Northern Africa. The inscriptions on the two spear spikes, one found in Germany and the other in Italy, are, if read from the right to the left, speaking of a system of writing common to the Umbrians, to the Etruscans, to the Oscan people, and to the old Latins, and which can also be found on the Greek archaic tombs.

Personally, I think it is high time we put our history back in its place, and taught our children who they are and who their ancestors are; it is about the time we aroused a sense of pride in them of the people they are a part of. It is a social crime to bereave the Romanians of THE PRIDE OF THEIR OWN PEOPLE, as well as of the richest, most beautiful, and dignified history a people has ever known. It is high time we stopped letting ourselves be robbed of our material, but most of all spiritual treasure. It is unspeakably shameful to have foreign scholars acknowledge our identity - that of having been a planetary cradle of civilization - while we declare our cultural dependence on the late (or later) - coming Latin, Greek, and Slav civilizations.

My dear historians, the time has come for the truth to be told, as the time has come for the Romanians to get back their millenary history.

Bibliography:

1. Schmandt - Besseerat, Dennise, How Writing Came about, The University of Texas, 1992 - 1996
2. Densusianu, Nicolae, Dacia preistorica (=Prehistorical Dacia), Ed. Meridiane, Bucuresti, 1986
3. Childe, Gordon, The Aryans - The History of Civilization, Barne & Noble, pg. 176 - 177, 1993
4. Clairborne, Robert, The Birth of Writing, Alexandria, VA, Time Life Books, 1974
5. Dragan, Josef Constantin - Istoria romanilor (The History of the Romanians), Ed. Europa Nova, Bucuresti, 1994
6. Jackson, Donald, The Story of Writing, NY, Taplinger Publishing Company, 1981
7. Kramer, Samuel Noah, Sumerian Psychology, The University of Philadelphia, Pren, 1972
8. Sumer : Cities of Eden, the editors of Time - Life Books, Alexandria, Virginia
9. Tonciulescu, Paul Lazar, De la Tartaria la Tara Luanei (=From Tartaria to Luana's Country), Ed. Miracol, Bucuresti, 1996